Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Oliver and Others Were Taken Prisoners, sentence 46
And ever Roland was in front, having his good sword Durendal in his hand.
Who acts: Roland, front · What happens: be, have · To what, where: front, good sword, hand
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Oliver and Others Were Taken Prisoners. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Roland, front), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 front | cc |
| 2 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 6 front | advmod |
| 3 | Roland | Roland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 front | nsubj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 front | cop |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 front | case |
| 6 | front | front | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 having | punct |
| 8 | having | have | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 6 front | acl |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 sword | nmod:poss |
| 10 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 sword | amod |
| 11 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 having | obj |
| 12 | Durendal | Durendal | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 sword | appos |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 hand | case |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 hand | nmod:poss |
| 15 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 having | obl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 front | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | Roland | front | ever | tree rules | |||
| 2 | have | gerund | front not said here | Roland's good sword | Roland's hand | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sword=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/18/46/