Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Oliver and His Comrades Fared, sentence 66
Oliver answered, "Fair lady, we are men of France, and knights of King Charles, and having been brought hither have been put by the Admiral into this horrible dungeon.
Who acts: Oliver, we, Admiral · What happens: answer, be, bring, put · To what, where: Fair lady, men, knights, horrible dungeon · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Oliver and His Comrades Fared. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Oliver, we, Admiral), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Oliver | Oliver | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 answered | nsubj |
| 2 | answered | answer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 lady | punct |
| 4 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 lady | punct |
| 5 | Fair | fair | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 lady | amod |
| 6 | lady | lady | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 answered | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 men | punct |
| 8 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 10 men | nsubj |
| 9 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 men | cop |
| 10 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 answered | obl |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 France | case |
| 12 | France | France | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 men | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 put | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 put | cc |
| 15 | knights | knight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 put | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 Charles | case |
| 17 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 Charles | nmod:desc |
| 18 | Charles | Charles | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 knights | nmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 brought | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 brought | cc |
| 21 | having | have | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 23 brought | aux |
| 22 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 23 brought | aux:pass |
| 23 | brought | bring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 Charles | conj |
| 24 | hither | hither | ADV | _ | 23 brought | advmod |
| 25 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 put | aux |
| 26 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 27 put | aux:pass |
| 27 | put | put | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 answered | conj |
| 28 | by | by | ADP | _ | 30 Admiral | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 Admiral | det |
| 30 | Admiral | admiral | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 put | obl |
| 31 | into | into | ADP | _ | 34 dungeon | case |
| 32 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 34 dungeon | det |
| 33 | horrible | horrible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 dungeon | amod |
| 34 | dungeon | dungeon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 put | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 answered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | answer speech: assert | past | Oliver | Fair lady | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | is a in a quote | present | we | men | of France | tree rules | |||
| 3 | bring in a quote | gerund · perfect · passive | the Admiral not said here | hither property | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together» | ||||
| 4 | put in a quote | present · perfect · passive | the Admiral | knights of Charles King | this horrible dungeon | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent subject=Goal |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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