Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Oliver and His Comrades Fared, sentence 76
Then spake Gerard, "Lady, he that is so kept in prison will oft use light words that he may forget his pain."
Who acts: you, Gerard · What happens: speak, keep, forget, pain · To what, where: Gerard, prison, pain · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Oliver and His Comrades Fared. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, Gerard), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 2 spake | advmod |
| 2 | spake | speak | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | Gerard | Gerard | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 spake | obj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 Lady | punct |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 Lady | punct |
| 6 | Lady | Lady | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Gerard | conj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 kept | punct |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 kept | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 12 kept | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 kept | aux:pass |
| 11 | so | so | ADV | _ | 12 kept | advmod |
| 12 | kept | keep | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 spake | advcl |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 prison | case |
| 14 | prison | prison | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 kept | obl |
| 15 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 words | aux |
| 16 | oft | oft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 words | amod |
| 17 | use | use | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 words | compound |
| 18 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 words | compound |
| 19 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 kept | obl |
| 20 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 23 forget | mark |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 forget | nsubj |
| 22 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 forget | aux |
| 23 | forget | forget | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 words | advcl |
| 24 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 pain | nmod:poss |
| 25 | pain | pain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 forget | obj |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 spake | punct |
| 27 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 spake | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | speak speech: other | imperative | you not said here | Gerard and Lady | then | tree rules | |||
| 2 | keep in a quote | present · passive | Gerard | prison | oft use light words obl; that nsubj:pass | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in prison=Location | |||
| 3 | forget in a quote | may | Gerard | Gerard's pain | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | pain in a quote | Gerard | nom pain «state transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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