Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Oliver and His Comrades Fared, sentence 8
Being recovered from this, he made a great complaint of his ill-fortune, and lamented over his son, as one who never having been vanquished before had now suffered defeat.
Who acts: Admiral, ill fortune · What happens: recover, make, lament, not vanquish, suffer, complain · To what, where: this, great complaint, defeat
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Oliver and His Comrades Fared. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Admiral, ill fortune), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 recovered | aux:pass |
| 2 | recovered | recover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 made | advcl |
| 3 | from | from | ADP | _ | 4 this | case |
| 4 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 recovered | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 recovered | punct |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 made | nsubj |
| 7 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 complaint | det |
| 9 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 complaint | amod |
| 10 | complaint | complaint | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 made | obj |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 fortune | case |
| 12 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 fortune | nmod:poss |
| 13 | ill | ill | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 fortune | amod |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 13 ill | punct |
| 15 | fortune | fortune | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 complaint | nmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 lamented | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 lamented | cc |
| 18 | lamented | lament | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 made | conj |
| 19 | over | over | ADP | _ | 21 son | case |
| 20 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 son | nmod:poss |
| 21 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 lamented | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 vanquished | punct |
| 23 | as | as | ADP | _ | 24 one | case |
| 24 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 29 vanquished | obl |
| 25 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 29 vanquished | nsubj:pass |
| 26 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 29 vanquished | advmod |
| 27 | having | have | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 29 vanquished | aux |
| 28 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 29 vanquished | aux:pass |
| 29 | vanquished | vanquish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 33 suffered | advcl |
| 30 | before | before | ADV | _ | 29 vanquished | advmod |
| 31 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 suffered | aux |
| 32 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 33 suffered | advmod |
| 33 | suffered | suffer | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 18 lamented | advcl |
| 34 | defeat | defeat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 suffered | obj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 made | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | recover | gerund · passive | Admiral not said here | this | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: from this=Source | ||||
| 2 | make | past | Admiral | a great complaint of Admiral's ill fortune | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent complaint=Product | ||||
| 3 | lament | participle | Admiral not said here | over Admiral's son | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 4 | not vanquish | gerund · perfect · passive | as one; who nsubj:pass; before property | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | suffer | past · perfect | Admiral not said here | defeat | now | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer defeat=Stimulus | |||
| 6 | complain | Admiral's ill fortune | nom complaint «state intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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