Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Doings of Floripas, sentence 8
Before he could make answer to the Duke there came the one King who had escaped from the Frenchmen, and told him saying, "These are the same eight villains that slew the Kings; avenge yourself on them."
Who acts: Admiral, one King, These, same eight villains · What happens: make, come, escape, tell, say, be · To what, where: answer, Frenchmen, Admiral, same eight villains, Kings, yourself · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Doings of Floripas. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Admiral, one King, These, same eight villains), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Before | before | SCONJ | _ | 4 make | mark |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 make | nsubj |
| 3 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 make | aux |
| 4 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 came | advcl |
| 5 | answer | answer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 make | obj |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 Duke | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 Duke | det |
| 8 | Duke | Duke | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 make | obl |
| 9 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 10 came | expl |
| 10 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 King | det |
| 12 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 13 King | nummod |
| 13 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 escaped | nsubj |
| 14 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 escaped | nsubj |
| 15 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 escaped | aux |
| 16 | escaped | escape | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 10 came | parataxis |
| 17 | from | from | ADP | _ | 19 Frenchmen | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 Frenchmen | det |
| 19 | Frenchmen | Frenchman | PROPN | Number=Plur | 16 escaped | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 told | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 told | cc |
| 22 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 came | conj |
| 23 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 told | iobj |
| 24 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 22 told | advcl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 villains | punct |
| 26 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 32 villains | punct |
| 27 | These | this | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 32 villains | nsubj |
| 28 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 villains | cop |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 villains | det |
| 30 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 villains | amod |
| 31 | eight | eight | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 32 villains | nummod |
| 32 | villains | villain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 saying | ccomp |
| 33 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 34 slew | nsubj |
| 34 | slew | slay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 villains | acl:relcl |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 Kings | det |
| 36 | Kings | King | PROPN | Number=Plur | 34 slew | obj |
| 37 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 38 avenge | punct |
| 38 | avenge | avenge | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 came | conj |
| 39 | yourself | yourself | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 38 avenge | obj |
| 40 | on | on | ADP | _ | 41 them | case |
| 41 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 avenge | obl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 came | punct |
| 43 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | could | Admiral | answer | to the Duke | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Product | |||
| 2 | come | past | there | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | escape | past · perfect | the one King | the Frenchmen | who nsubj | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from frenchman=Initial_Location | |||
| 4 | tell speech: assert | past | Admiral | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient | |||||
| 5 | say speech: assert | gerund | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 6 | is a in a quote | present | These | the same eight villains | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | slay in a quote | past | the same eight villains | the Kings | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent king=Patient | ||||
| 8 | avenge in a quote | present | yourself | on villains = villain | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/21/8/