Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Doings of the French Knights, sentence 33
Lucifer was almost out of his wits for anger, but before he could as much as speak the Duke smote him with the brand upon the neck so strongly that the bone was broken, and the man fell dead upon the floor. "
Who acts: Lucifer, much, man · What happens: be, speak, smite, break, fall · To what, where: wits, Duke, bone, floor · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Doings of the French Knights. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lucifer, much, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lucifer | Lucifer | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 wits | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 wits | cop |
| 3 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 7 wits | advmod |
| 4 | out | out | ADP | _ | 7 wits | case |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 wits | case |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 wits | nmod:poss |
| 7 | wits | wit | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 8 | for | for | ADP | _ | 9 anger | case |
| 9 | anger | anger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 wits | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 smote | punct |
| 11 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 21 smote | cc |
| 12 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 16 much | mark |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 much | nsubj |
| 14 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 16 much | aux |
| 15 | as | as | ADV | _ | 16 much | advmod |
| 16 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 smote | nsubj |
| 17 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 18 speak | mark |
| 18 | speak | speak | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 much | acl |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 Duke | det |
| 20 | Duke | Duke | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 speak | obj |
| 21 | smote | smite | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 wits | parataxis |
| 22 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 smote | obj |
| 23 | with | with | ADP | _ | 25 brand | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 brand | det |
| 25 | brand | brand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 smote | obl |
| 26 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 28 neck | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 neck | det |
| 28 | neck | neck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 brand | nmod |
| 29 | so | so | ADV | _ | 30 strongly | advmod |
| 30 | strongly | strongly | ADV | _ | 21 smote | advmod |
| 31 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 35 broken | mark |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 bone | det |
| 33 | bone | bone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 broken | nsubj:pass |
| 34 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 broken | aux:pass |
| 35 | broken | break | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 strongly | advcl |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 fell | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 fell | cc |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 man | det |
| 39 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 fell | nsubj |
| 40 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 smote | conj |
| 41 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 fell | xcomp |
| 42 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 44 floor | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 floor | det |
| 44 | floor | floor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 fell | obl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 wits | punct |
| 46 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 wits | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | Lucifer | Lucifer's wits | for anger; almost property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | speak speech: other | infinitive | the Duke | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | smite | past | much Lucifer | Duke | with the brand upon the neck; strongly property | vn hit-18.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent he=Patient with brand=Instrument | |||
| 4 | break | past · passive | the bone | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 5 | fall | past | the man | the floor | dead property | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme upon floor=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/22/33/