Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Doings of the French Knights, sentence 87
And Roland said, "Now some one must keep the gates that we may be able, when the occasion comes, to enter it again.
Who acts: Roland, one, gates, occasion · What happens: say, keep, be, come, enter · To what, where: gates, occasion · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Doings of the French Knights. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Roland, one, gates, occasion), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 said | cc |
| 2 | Roland | Roland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 said | nsubj |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 keep | punct |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 keep | punct |
| 6 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 10 keep | advmod |
| 7 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 8 one | det |
| 8 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 keep | nsubj |
| 9 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 10 keep | aux |
| 10 | keep | keep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 said | ccomp |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 gates | det |
| 12 | gates | gate | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 keep | obj |
| 13 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 able | nsubj |
| 14 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 17 able | nsubj |
| 15 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 17 able | aux |
| 16 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 17 able | cop |
| 17 | able | able | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 gates | acl:relcl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 comes | punct |
| 19 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 22 comes | mark |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 occasion | det |
| 21 | occasion | occasion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 comes | nsubj |
| 22 | comes | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 keep | advcl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 enter | punct |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 enter | mark |
| 25 | enter | enter | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 keep | advcl |
| 26 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 enter | obj |
| 27 | again | again | ADV | _ | 25 enter | advmod |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Roland | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | keep in a quote | must | some one | the gates | now | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gate=Theme | |||
| 3 | is in a quote | may | the gates | we nsubj; able property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | come in a quote | present | the occasion | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | enter in a quote | to-infinitive | some one not said here | occasion | again | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/22/87/