Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of Guy of Burgundy, sentence 69
But this was not easily done, for all the Saracens that had lain in ambush were coming upon them, and they were sore pressed.
Who acts: Saracens, horses · What happens: not do, lie, come, be, press · To what, where: this, ambush
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of Guy of Burgundy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saracens, horses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 6 done | cc |
| 2 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 6 done | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 done | aux:pass |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 6 done | advmod |
| 5 | easily | easily | ADV | _ | 6 done | advmod |
| 6 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 Saracens | punct |
| 8 | for | for | ADP | _ | 11 Saracens | case |
| 9 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 11 Saracens | det:predet |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Saracens | det |
| 11 | Saracens | saracen | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 done | obl |
| 12 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 lain | nsubj |
| 13 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 lain | aux |
| 14 | lain | lie | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 11 Saracens | acl:relcl |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 ambush | case |
| 16 | ambush | ambush | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 lain | obl |
| 17 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 coming | aux |
| 18 | coming | come | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 Saracens | acl:relcl |
| 19 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 20 them | case |
| 20 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 coming | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 sore | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 sore | cc |
| 23 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 sore | nsubj |
| 24 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 sore | cop |
| 25 | sore | sore | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 done | parataxis |
| 26 | pressed | press | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 sore | xcomp |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 done | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not do | past · passive | this | for all Saracens; easily property | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | lie | past · perfect | all Saracens | ambush | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in ambush=Location | ||||
| 3 | come | past · progressive | all Saracens not said here | upon horses = horse | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon they=Location | ||||
| 4 | is | past | horses = horse | sore property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | press | participle | horses = horse not said here | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/23/69/