Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How the Bridge Mantryble Was Won, sentence 11
Duke Richard answered, "We are merchants who travel to the fairs, Mahomet helping us, with drapery and other goods for sale.
Who acts: Duke, We, merchants, Mahomet · What happens: answer, be, travel, help · To what, where: merchants, fairs, us · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How the Bridge Mantryble Was Won. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Duke, We, merchants, Mahomet), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Duke | Duke | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 answered | nsubj |
| 2 | Richard | Richard | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Duke | flat |
| 3 | answered | answer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 merchants | punct |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 merchants | punct |
| 6 | We | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 8 merchants | nsubj |
| 7 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 merchants | cop |
| 8 | merchants | merchant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 answered | ccomp |
| 9 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 10 travel | nsubj |
| 10 | travel | travel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 merchants | acl:relcl |
| 11 | to | to | ADP | _ | 13 fairs | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 fairs | det |
| 13 | fairs | fair | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 travel | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 Mahomet | punct |
| 15 | Mahomet | mahomet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 fairs | conj |
| 16 | helping | help | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 15 Mahomet | acl |
| 17 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 16 helping | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 drapery | punct |
| 19 | with | with | ADP | _ | 20 drapery | case |
| 20 | drapery | drapery | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 travel | parataxis |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 goods | cc |
| 22 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 goods | amod |
| 23 | goods | goods | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 20 drapery | conj |
| 24 | for | for | ADP | _ | 25 sale | case |
| 25 | sale | sale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 travel | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 answered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | answer speech: assert | past | Duke | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is a in a quote | present | We | merchants | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | travel in a quote | present | merchants | the fairs and Mahomet | for sale; drapery and other goods parataxis | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to fair=Destination | |||
| 4 | help in a quote | gerund | Mahomet not said here | us | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Beneficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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