Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the End of Balan the Admiral, sentence 2
He was as one out of his wits with rage, and, crying out to his god Mahomet that he was accursed and recreant, he smote the image with a club that he held in his two hands and brake it down.
Who acts: Balan · What happens: be, cry out, accurs, smite, hold, break down · To what, where: wits, god Mahomet, Balan, image, two hands
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the End of Balan the Admiral. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Balan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 one | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 one | cop |
| 3 | as | as | ADP | _ | 4 one | case |
| 4 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | root | root |
| 5 | out | out | ADP | _ | 8 wits | case |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 wits | case |
| 7 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 wits | nmod:poss |
| 8 | wits | wit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 one | nmod |
| 9 | with | with | ADP | _ | 10 rage | case |
| 10 | rage | rage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 wits | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 accursed | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 accursed | cc |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 crying | punct |
| 14 | crying | cry | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 23 accursed | csubj:pass |
| 15 | out | out | ADP | _ | 14 crying | compound:prt |
| 16 | to | to | ADP | _ | 19 Mahomet | case |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 Mahomet | nmod:poss |
| 18 | god | god | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 Mahomet | compound |
| 19 | Mahomet | mahomet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 crying | obl |
| 20 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 23 accursed | mark |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 accursed | nsubj |
| 22 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 accursed | aux:pass |
| 23 | accursed | accurs | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 one | parataxis |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 recreant | cc |
| 25 | recreant | recreant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 accursed | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 smote | punct |
| 27 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 smote | nsubj |
| 28 | smote | smite | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 one | acl:relcl |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 image | det |
| 30 | image | image | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 smote | obj |
| 31 | with | with | ADP | _ | 33 club | case |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 club | det |
| 33 | club | club | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 image | nmod |
| 34 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 36 held | mark |
| 35 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 held | nsubj |
| 36 | held | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 smote | advcl |
| 37 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 hands | case |
| 38 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 40 hands | nmod:poss |
| 39 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 40 hands | nummod |
| 40 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 held | obl |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 brake | cc |
| 42 | brake | break | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 held | conj |
| 43 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 brake | obj |
| 44 | down | down | ADP | _ | 42 brake | compound:prt |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 one | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | Balan | Balan's wits with rage | as one | tree rules | |||
| 2 | cry out speech: express | gerund | Balan's god Mahomet | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to mahomet=Recipient | |||||
| 3 | accurs | past · passive | Balan | recreant conj | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | smite | past | Balan | the image | with a club | vn hit-18.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent image=Patient with club=Instrument | |||
| 5 | hold | past | Balan | Balan's two hands | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in hand=Location | ||||
| 6 | break down | infinitive | Balan not said here | image | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/26/2/