Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Ganelon Went on an Errand to King Marsilas, sentence 143
To King Charles he said, "Sire, give me leave to depart, since I must needs go, 'twere well to lose no time." "
Who acts: Charles, Sire · What happens: say, give, leave, depart, need, go · To what, where: Charles · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Ganelon Went on an Errand to King Marsilas. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Charles, Sire), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | To | to | ADP | _ | 3 Charles | case |
| 2 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Charles | nmod:desc |
| 3 | Charles | Charles | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 said | obl |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 said | nsubj |
| 5 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 Sire | punct |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 Sire | punct |
| 8 | Sire | sire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 give | nsubj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 Sire | punct |
| 10 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 said | ccomp |
| 11 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 10 give | iobj |
| 12 | leave | leave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 give | xcomp |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 depart | mark |
| 14 | depart | depart | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 leave | xcomp |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 needs | punct |
| 16 | since | since | SCONJ | _ | 19 needs | mark |
| 17 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 19 needs | nsubj |
| 18 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 needs | aux |
| 19 | needs | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 said | ccomp |
| 20 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 needs | xcomp |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 lose | punct |
| 22 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 26 lose | punct |
| 23 | twere | twere | ADV | ExtPos=ADV | 26 lose | advmod |
| 24 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 23 twere | fixed |
| 25 | to | to | PART | _ | 26 lose | mark |
| 26 | lose | lose | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 19 needs | parataxis |
| 27 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 28 time | det |
| 28 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 lose | obj |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 26 lose | punct |
| 30 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 26 lose | punct |
| 31 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 needs | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Charles | Charles King | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to charles=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | give in a quote | infinitive | Sire | Charles | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | leave in a quote | infinitive | Sire not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | depart in a quote | to-infinitive | Sire not said here | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | need in a quote | must | Charles | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | |||||
| 6 | go not said to happen, in a quote | infinitive | Charles not said here | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | lose in a quote | to-infinitive | time | twere property | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/27/143/