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Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Plot Against Roland, sentence 14

He thought that he stood in the pass of Cizra, holding in his hand an ashen spear, and that Ganelon laid hold of it and shook it in such a fashion that it was broken into a thousand pieces, and the fragments flew up to the sky.

Who acts: King, Ganelon, fragments · What happens: think, stand, hold, lay, shake, break · To what, where: pass, ashen spear, hand, hold, spear, fashion · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Plot Against Roland. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King, Ganelon, fragments), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

nsubjmarknsubjccompcasedetoblcasenmodpunctadvclcasenmod:possobldetamodobjpunctccmarknsubjconjobjcasenmodccconjobjcasedet:predetdetoblmarknsubj:passaux:passadvclcasedetnummodoblpunctccdetnsubjparataxiscompound:prtcasedetoblpunctrootHePRONthoughtVERBthatSCONJhePRONstoodVERBinADPtheDETpassNOUNofADPCizraPROPN,PUNCTholdingVERBinADPhisPRONhandNOUNanDETashenADJspearNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJthatSCONJGanelonPROPNlaidVERBholdNOUNofADPitPRONandCCONJshookVERBitPRONinADPsuchDETaDETfashionNOUNthatSCONJitPRONwasAUXbrokenVERBintoADPaDETthousandNUMpiecesNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJtheDETfragmentsNOUNflewVERBupADPtoADPtheDETskyNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1HehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs2 thoughtnsubj
2thoughtthinkVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
3thatthatSCONJ_5 stoodmark
4hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs5 stoodnsubj
5stoodstandVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin2 thoughtccomp
6ininADP_8 passcase
7thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art8 passdet
8passpassNOUNNumber=Sing5 stoodobl
9ofofADP_10 Cizracase
10CizraCizraPROPNNumber=Sing8 passnmod
11,,PUNCT_12 holdingpunct
12holdingholdVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part5 stoodadvcl
13ininADP_15 handcase
14hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs15 handnmod:poss
15handhandNOUNNumber=Sing12 holdingobl
16anaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art18 speardet
17ashenashenADJDegree=Pos18 spearamod
18spearspearNOUNNumber=Sing12 holdingobj
19,,PUNCT_23 laidpunct
20andandCCONJ_23 laidcc
21thatthatSCONJ_23 laidmark
22GanelonGanelonPROPNNumber=Sing23 laidnsubj
23laidlayVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin2 thoughtconj
24holdholdNOUNNumber=Sing23 laidobj
25ofofADP_26 itcase
26ititPRONCase=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs24 holdnmod
27andandCCONJ_28 shookcc
28shookshakeVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin2 thoughtconj
29ititPRONCase=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs28 shookobj
30ininADP_33 fashioncase
31suchsuchDETPronType=Ind33 fashiondet:predet
32aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art33 fashiondet
33fashionfashionNOUNNumber=Sing28 shookobl
34thatthatSCONJ_37 brokenmark
35ititPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs37 brokennsubj:pass
36wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin37 brokenaux:pass
37brokenbreakVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass28 shookadvcl
38intointoADP_41 piecescase
39aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art40 thousanddet
40thousandthousandNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card41 piecesnummod
41piecespieceNOUNNumber=Plur37 brokenobl
42,,PUNCT_46 flewpunct
43andandCCONJ_46 flewcc
44thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art45 fragmentsdet
45fragmentsfragmentNOUNNumber=Plur46 flewnsubj
46flewflyVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin2 thoughtparataxis
47upupADP_46 flewcompound:prt
48totoADP_50 skycase
49thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art50 skydet
50skyskyNOUNNumber=Sing46 flewobl
51..PUNCT_2 thoughtpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1think speech: otherpastKingvn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2standpastKingthe pass of Cizravn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in pass=Location
3holdgerundKing not said herea ashen spearKing's handvn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent spear=Theme in hand=Location
4laypastGanelonhold of holdvn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hold=Result
5shakepastKing not said herespearsuch fashionvn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent it=Theme in fashion=Trajectory
6breakpast · passivespearinto thousand pieces resultvn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: subject=Patient into piece=Result
7fly uppastthe fragmentsto the sky resultvn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to sky=Result
8passCizranom pass «act transitive»: of=patient
9holdholdnom hold «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/29/14/