Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Plot Against Roland, sentence 37
Then Roland turned to him again, and said, "Villain that you are, and come of a race of villainy, did you think perchance that I should let the gauntlet fall, as you let it fall when you would have taken it from the King?"
Who acts: Roland, Villain, you, gauntlet, villainy · What happens: turn, say, come, think, let, fall · To what, where: horse, perchance, gauntlet · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Plot Against Roland. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Roland, Villain, you, gauntlet), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 turned | advmod |
| 2 | Roland | Roland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 turned | nsubj |
| 3 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 him | case |
| 5 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 turned | obl |
| 6 | again | again | ADV | _ | 3 turned | advmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 said | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 said | cc |
| 9 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 turned | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 Villain | punct |
| 11 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 Villain | punct |
| 12 | Villain | villain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 said | nsubj |
| 13 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 15 are | obj |
| 14 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 15 are | nsubj |
| 15 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 Villain | acl:relcl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 come | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 come | cc |
| 18 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 turned | conj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 race | case |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 race | det |
| 21 | race | race | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 come | obl |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 villainy | case |
| 23 | villainy | villainy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 race | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 think | punct |
| 25 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 think | aux |
| 26 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 27 think | nsubj |
| 27 | think | think | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 come | parataxis |
| 28 | perchance | perchance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 think | obj |
| 29 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 32 let | obj |
| 30 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 32 let | nsubj |
| 31 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 32 let | aux |
| 32 | let | let | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 perchance | acl:relcl |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 gauntlet | det |
| 34 | gauntlet | gauntlet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 fall | nsubj |
| 35 | fall | fall | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 let | xcomp |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 let | punct |
| 37 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 39 let | mark |
| 38 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 39 let | nsubj |
| 39 | let | let | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 think | parataxis |
| 40 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 let | obj |
| 41 | fall | fall | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 39 let | xcomp |
| 42 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 46 taken | mark |
| 43 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 46 taken | nsubj |
| 44 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 46 taken | aux |
| 45 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 46 taken | aux |
| 46 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 41 fall | advcl |
| 47 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 46 taken | obj |
| 48 | from | from | ADP | _ | 50 King | case |
| 49 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 King | det |
| 50 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 taken | obl |
| 51 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 18 come | punct |
| 52 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 turned | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | turn | past | Roland | horse | then; again | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to he=Result | |||
| 2 | say speech: ask | past | Villain | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | come in a quote | infinitive | Roland not said here | of a race of villainy | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme of race=Initial_Location | ||||
| 4 | think speech: other in a quote | past · do-support | you | perchance | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot perchance=Theme | ||||
| 5 | let in a quote | should | Villain | perchance | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | fall in a quote | infinitive | the gauntlet | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | let in a quote | present | you | gauntlet | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | fall in a quote | infinitive | gauntlet not said here | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 9 | take in a quote | would · perfect | you | gauntlet | from the King | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent it=Theme from king=Initial_Location | |||
| 10 | race in a quote | villainy | nom race «event intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/29/37/