Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Plot Against Roland, sentence 65
The nephew of King Marsilas rode to the front of the army and said to his uncle, "Sire, I have served you faithfully, enduring much labour and trouble, fighting many battles, and winning not a few victories.
Who acts: nephew · What happens: ride, say, serve, endure, fight, win · To what, where: front, uncle, much labour, many battles, few victories · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Plot Against Roland. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (nephew), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 nephew | det |
| 2 | nephew | nephew | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 rode | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 Marsilas | case |
| 4 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Marsilas | compound |
| 5 | Marsilas | Marsilas | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 nephew | nmod |
| 6 | rode | ride | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 front | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 front | det |
| 9 | front | front | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 rode | obl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 army | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 army | det |
| 12 | army | army | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 front | nmod |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 said | cc |
| 14 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 rode | conj |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 17 uncle | case |
| 16 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 uncle | nmod:poss |
| 17 | uncle | uncle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 said | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 Sire | punct |
| 19 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 20 Sire | punct |
| 20 | Sire | sire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 uncle | conj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 served | punct |
| 22 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 24 served | nsubj |
| 23 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 served | aux |
| 24 | served | serve | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 6 rode | conj |
| 25 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 24 served | obj |
| 26 | faithfully | faithfully | ADV | _ | 24 served | advmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 enduring | punct |
| 28 | enduring | endure | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 24 served | advcl |
| 29 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 labour | amod |
| 30 | labour | labour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 enduring | obj |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 trouble | cc |
| 32 | trouble | trouble | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 labour | conj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 fighting | punct |
| 34 | fighting | fight | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 28 enduring | conj |
| 35 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 battles | amod |
| 36 | battles | battle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 fighting | obj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 winning | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 winning | cc |
| 39 | winning | win | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 rode | conj |
| 40 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 43 victories | advmod |
| 41 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 43 victories | det |
| 42 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 victories | amod |
| 43 | victories | victory | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 winning | obj |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 rode | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ride | past | the nephew of King Marsilas | the front of the army | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent to front=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | the nephew of King Marsilas not said here | nephew's uncle and Sire | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to uncle=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | serve in a quote | present · perfect | the nephew of King Marsilas = nephew | nephew's uncle and Sire = uncle | faithfully property | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Attribute | |||
| 4 | endure in a quote | gerund | the nephew of King Marsilas = nephew not said here | much labour and trouble | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme labour=Circumstance | ||||
| 5 | fight in a quote | gerund | the nephew of King Marsilas = nephew not said here | many battles | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent battle=Co-Agent | ||||
| 6 | win in a quote | gerund | the nephew of King Marsilas not said here | a few victories | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent victory=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/29/65/