Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Plot Against Roland, sentence 7
But before they had sailed four leagues, there came suddenly upon them a great storm of wind, so that their ships sank.
Who acts: men, great storm, ships, wind · What happens: sail, come, sink, storm · To what, where: four leagues
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Plot Against Roland. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, great storm, ships, wind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 10 came | cc |
| 2 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 5 sailed | mark |
| 3 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 sailed | nsubj |
| 4 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 sailed | aux |
| 5 | sailed | sail | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 10 came | advcl |
| 6 | four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 leagues | nummod |
| 7 | leagues | league | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 sailed | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 sailed | punct |
| 9 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 10 came | expl |
| 10 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | suddenly | suddenly | ADV | _ | 10 came | advmod |
| 12 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 13 them | case |
| 13 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 came | obl |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 storm | det |
| 15 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 storm | amod |
| 16 | storm | storm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 came | nsubj |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 wind | case |
| 18 | wind | wind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 storm | nmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 sank | punct |
| 20 | so | so | ADV | _ | 24 sank | advmod |
| 21 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 24 sank | mark |
| 22 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 ships | nmod:poss |
| 23 | ships | ship | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 sank | nsubj |
| 24 | sank | sink | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 came | advcl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sail | past · perfect | men = man | four leagues | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme league=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | come | past | a great storm of wind | there | upon men = man; suddenly property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon they=Location | |||
| 3 | sink | past | men's ships | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 4 | storm | wind | nom storm «phenomenon intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/29/7/