Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, The Slaying of Lothair, sentence 101
His lords sought to comfort him, and Duke Naymes said, "Now bury your son with great honour at St. Germaine's, and when you have done this, gather together your army, and march against this Duke Benes."
Who acts: lords, Duke, you · What happens: seek, comfort, say, bury, do, gather · To what, where: march, King, son, this, army · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Slaying of Lothair. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lords, Duke, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 lords | nmod:poss |
| 2 | lords | lord | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 sought | nsubj |
| 3 | sought | seek | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 comfort | mark |
| 5 | comfort | comfort | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 sought | xcomp |
| 6 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 comfort | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 said | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 said | cc |
| 9 | Duke | Duke | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 said | nsubj |
| 10 | Naymes | Naymes | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Duke | flat |
| 11 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 sought | conj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 bury | punct |
| 13 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 bury | punct |
| 14 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 15 bury | advmod |
| 15 | bury | bury | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 said | ccomp |
| 16 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 son | nmod:poss |
| 17 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 bury | obj |
| 18 | with | with | ADP | _ | 20 honour | case |
| 19 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 honour | amod |
| 20 | honour | honour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 bury | obl |
| 21 | at | at | ADP | _ | 23 Germaine | case |
| 22 | St. | St. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 Germaine | nmod:desc |
| 23 | Germaine | Germaine | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 honour | nmod |
| 24 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 23 Germaine | case |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 done | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 done | cc |
| 27 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 30 done | advmod |
| 28 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 30 done | nsubj |
| 29 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 done | aux |
| 30 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 15 bury | parataxis |
| 31 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 30 done | obj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 gather | punct |
| 33 | gather | gather | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 bury | conj |
| 34 | together | together | ADV | _ | 33 gather | advmod |
| 35 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 army | nmod:poss |
| 36 | army | army | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 gather | obj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 march | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 march | cc |
| 39 | march | march | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 sought | obl |
| 40 | against | against | ADP | _ | 43 Benes | case |
| 41 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 43 Benes | nsubj |
| 42 | Duke | Duke | PROPN | Number=Sing | 43 Benes | compound |
| 43 | Benes | Benes | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 march | nmod |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 sought | punct |
| 45 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 sought | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | seek | past | King's lords | march against Duke Benes this | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | comfort not said to happen | to-infinitive | King's lords not said here | King | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus he=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | Duke | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | bury in a quote | infinitive | your son | now | with great honour at Germaine St. | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Theme | |||
| 5 | do in a quote | present · perfect | you | this | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Eventuality | ||||
| 6 | gather in a quote | infinitive | your army | together property | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent army=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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