Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, The Slaying of Lothair, sentence 4
All these four were marvellously fair, witty, and valiant; but the fairest, wittiest, and most valiant was Reynaud, the eldest born.
Who acts: four · What happens: be, bear · To what, where: Reynaud
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Slaying of Lothair. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (four), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | All | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 four | det:predet |
| 2 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 3 four | det |
| 3 | four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 6 fair | nsubj |
| 4 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 fair | cop |
| 5 | marvellously | marvellously | ADV | _ | 6 fair | advmod |
| 6 | fair | fair | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 witty | punct |
| 8 | witty | witty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 fair | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 valiant | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 valiant | cc |
| 11 | valiant | valiant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 fair | conj |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 wittiest | punct |
| 13 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 17 wittiest | cc |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 fairest | det |
| 15 | fairest | fair | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 17 wittiest | nsubj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 wittiest | punct |
| 17 | wittiest | witty | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 6 fair | parataxis |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 Reynaud | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 Reynaud | cc |
| 20 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 21 valiant | amod |
| 21 | valiant | valiant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 Reynaud | nmod:desc |
| 22 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 Reynaud | cop |
| 23 | Reynaud | Reynaud | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 wittiest | appos |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 Reynaud | punct |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 eldest | det |
| 26 | eldest | eld | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 17 wittiest | csubj |
| 27 | born | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 26 eldest | xcomp |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 fair | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | all four | fair, marvellously property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | be | all four not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | be | all four not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 4 | is a | past | Reynaud | most valiant nmod:desc | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | bear | participle | all four not said here | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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