Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, The Slaying of Lothair, sentence 40
But the knight said softly to himself, "This is foolishness, and we shall pay for it with our lives."
Who acts: knight, we · What happens: say, be, pay · To what, where: Duke, foolishness · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Slaying of Lothair. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (knight, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 4 said | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 knight | det |
| 3 | knight | knight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 said | nsubj |
| 4 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | softly | softly | ADV | _ | 4 said | advmod |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 himself | case |
| 7 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 4 said | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 foolishness | punct |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 foolishness | punct |
| 10 | This | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 12 foolishness | det |
| 11 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 foolishness | cop |
| 12 | foolishness | foolishness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 said | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 pay | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 pay | cc |
| 15 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 17 pay | nsubj |
| 16 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 17 pay | aux |
| 17 | pay | pay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 said | ccomp |
| 18 | for | for | ADP | _ | 19 it | case |
| 19 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 pay | obl |
| 20 | with | with | ADP | _ | 22 lives | case |
| 21 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 lives | nmod:poss |
| 22 | lives | life | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 pay | obl |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 17 pay | punct |
| 24 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 pay | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | the knight | Duke | softly property | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to himself=Recipient clause=Topic | |||
| 2 | is a in a quote | present | this foolishness | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | pay in a quote | shall | we | for foolishness; with our lives | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for it=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/3/40/