Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How the Heathen and the French Prepared For Battle, sentence 50
His spear he held with the point to the sky; a white flag it bore with fringes of gold which fell down to his hands.
Who acts: spear, white flag, gold · What happens: hold, bear, fall down
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How the Heathen and the French Prepared For Battle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (spear, white flag, gold), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 spear | nmod:poss |
| 2 | spear | spear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 held | nsubj |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 held | nsubj |
| 4 | held | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 7 point | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 point | det |
| 7 | point | point | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 held | obl |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 sky | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 sky | det |
| 10 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 held | obl |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 bore | punct |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 flag | det |
| 13 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 flag | amod |
| 14 | flag | flag | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 bore | nsubj |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 bore | nsubj |
| 16 | bore | bear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 held | conj |
| 17 | with | with | ADP | _ | 18 fringes | case |
| 18 | fringes | fringe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 bore | obl |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 gold | case |
| 20 | gold | gold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 fringes | nmod |
| 21 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 22 fell | nsubj |
| 22 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 gold | acl:relcl |
| 23 | down | down | ADV | _ | 22 fell | advmod |
| 24 | to | to | ADP | _ | 26 hands | case |
| 25 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 hands | nmod:poss |
| 26 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 fell | obl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 held | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hold | past | Roland's spear | with the point; to the sky; Roland nsubj | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | bear | past | a white flag | with fringes of gold; flag nsubj | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | fall down | past | gold | to Roland's hands; down property | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to hand=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/30/50/