Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, The Battle, sentence 58
Many lances were shivered, many flags torn, and many gallant youths cut off in their prime.
What happens: shiver, tear, cut off · To what, where: Many lances, many flags, many gallant youths, prime
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Battle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 lances | amod |
| 2 | lances | lance | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 shivered | nsubj |
| 3 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 shivered | aux:pass |
| 4 | shivered | shiver | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 flags | punct |
| 6 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 flags | amod |
| 7 | flags | flag | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 shivered | obl |
| 8 | torn | tear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 flags | acl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 youths | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 youths | cc |
| 11 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 youths | amod |
| 12 | gallant | gallant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 youths | amod |
| 13 | youths | youth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 shivered | parataxis |
| 14 | cut | cut | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 youths | acl |
| 15 | off | off | ADP | _ | 14 cut | compound:prt |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 18 prime | case |
| 17 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 prime | nmod:poss |
| 18 | prime | prime | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 cut | obl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 shivered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shiver | past · passive | Many lances | many flags obl; many gallant youths parataxis | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | tear | participle | many flags not said here | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | cut off | participle | many gallant youths not said here | lances's prime | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/31/58/