Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Roland Sounded His Horn, sentence 25
We, sons of France, that are in this place, are of a truth condemned to death, neither will the sounding of your horn save us, for the King is far away, and cannot come in time.
Who acts: We, that, sons, sounding, King · What happens: son, be, condemn, save, not come · To what, where: place, truth, us
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Roland Sounded His Horn. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (We, that, sons, sounding), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | We | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 sons | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 sons | punct |
| 3 | sons | son | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 truth | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 France | case |
| 5 | France | France | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 sons | nmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 place | punct |
| 7 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 place | nsubj |
| 8 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 place | cop |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 place | case |
| 10 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 11 place | det |
| 11 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 sons | conj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 sons | punct |
| 13 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 truth | cop |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 truth | case |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 truth | det |
| 16 | truth | truth | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 17 | condemned | condemn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 truth | acl |
| 18 | to | to | ADP | _ | 19 death | case |
| 19 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 condemned | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 save | punct |
| 21 | neither | neither | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 28 save | cc:preconj |
| 22 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 save | aux |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 sounding | det |
| 24 | sounding | sounding | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 save | nsubj |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 horn | case |
| 26 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 horn | nmod:poss |
| 27 | horn | horn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 sounding | nmod |
| 28 | save | save | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 truth | parataxis |
| 29 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 28 save | iobj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 away | punct |
| 31 | for | for | ADP | _ | 36 away | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 King | det |
| 33 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 away | nsubj |
| 34 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 away | cop |
| 35 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 36 away | advmod |
| 36 | away | away | ADV | _ | 28 save | advmod |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 come | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 come | cc |
| 39 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 41 come | aux |
| 40 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 41 come | advmod |
| 41 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 save | conj |
| 42 | in | in | ADP | _ | 43 time | case |
| 43 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 come | obl |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 truth | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | son | We | of France | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | is | present | that | this place | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | is | present | sons and this place | of a truth | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | condemn | participle | a truth not said here | to death | vn suspect-81 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | save | future | the sounding of your horn | us | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Theme | ||||
| 6 | is | present | the King | away, far property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | not come | can | the sounding of your horn not said here | time | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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