Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Roland Sounded His Horn, sentence 55
They pulled out his hair and his beard and smote him with their staves; then they put a great chain, such as that with which a bear is bound, about his neck, and made him fast to a pack-horse.
Who acts: knaves, bear · What happens: pull out, smite, put, be, make · To what, where: hair, Ganelon, great chain
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Roland Sounded His Horn. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (knaves, bear), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 pulled | nsubj |
| 2 | pulled | pull | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | out | out | ADP | _ | 2 pulled | compound:prt |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 hair | nmod:poss |
| 5 | hair | hair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 pulled | obj |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 beard | cc |
| 7 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 beard | nmod:poss |
| 8 | beard | beard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 hair | conj |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 smote | cc |
| 10 | smote | smite | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 pulled | conj |
| 11 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 smote | obj |
| 12 | with | with | ADP | _ | 14 staves | case |
| 13 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 staves | nmod:poss |
| 14 | staves | stave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 smote | obl |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 put | punct |
| 16 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 18 put | advmod |
| 17 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 put | nsubj |
| 18 | put | put | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 pulled | conj |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 chain | det |
| 20 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 chain | amod |
| 21 | chain | chain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 put | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 bound | punct |
| 23 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 25 that | case |
| 24 | as | as | ADP | _ | 23 such | fixed |
| 25 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 31 bound | obl |
| 26 | with | with | ADP | _ | 27 which | case |
| 27 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 31 bound | obl |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 bear | det |
| 29 | bear | bear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 bound | nsubj |
| 30 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 bound | cop |
| 31 | bound | bound | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 chain | acl:relcl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 neck | punct |
| 33 | about | about | ADP | _ | 35 neck | case |
| 34 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 neck | nmod:poss |
| 35 | neck | neck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 put | obl |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 made | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 made | cc |
| 38 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 pulled | conj |
| 39 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 made | obj |
| 40 | fast | fast | ADV | Degree=Pos | 38 made | advmod |
| 41 | to | to | ADP | _ | 45 horse | case |
| 42 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 45 horse | det |
| 43 | pack | pack | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 horse | compound |
| 44 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 43 pack | punct |
| 45 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 made | obl |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 pulled | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pull out | past | knaves = knave | Ganelon's hair and Ganelon's beard | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | smite | past | knaves = knave not said here | Ganelon | with knaves's staves | vn hit-18.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent he=Patient with stave=Instrument | |||
| 3 | put | past | knaves = knave | a great chain | then | about Ganelon's neck | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent chain=Theme about neck=Destination | ||
| 4 | is | present | a bear | such a great chain; with a great chain; bound property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | make | past | knaves = knave not said here | Ganelon | to a pack horse; fast property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset he=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/32/55/