Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Oliver Was Slain, sentence 9
Thus did Roland again charge the enemy, his good sword Durendal in his hand; as the stag flies before the hounds, so did the heathen fly before Roland. "
Who acts: Roland, stag · What happens: charge, fly, do · To what, where: enemy, hand, heathen fly
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Oliver Was Slain. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Roland, stag), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thus | thus | ADV | _ | 5 charge | advmod |
| 2 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 charge | aux |
| 3 | Roland | Roland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 charge | nsubj |
| 4 | again | again | ADV | _ | 5 charge | advmod |
| 5 | charge | charge | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 enemy | det |
| 7 | enemy | enemy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 charge | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 sword | punct |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 sword | nmod:poss |
| 10 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 sword | amod |
| 11 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 enemy | conj |
| 12 | Durendal | Durendal | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 sword | appos |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 hand | case |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 hand | nmod:poss |
| 15 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 charge | obl |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 flies | punct |
| 17 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 20 flies | mark |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 stag | det |
| 19 | stag | stag | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 flies | nsubj |
| 20 | flies | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 charge | conj |
| 21 | before | before | ADP | _ | 23 hounds | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 hounds | det |
| 23 | hounds | hound | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 flies | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 did | punct |
| 25 | so | so | ADV | _ | 26 did | advmod |
| 26 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 charge | advcl |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 fly | det |
| 28 | heathen | heathen | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 fly | amod |
| 29 | fly | fly | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 did | obj |
| 30 | before | before | ADP | _ | 31 Roland | case |
| 31 | Roland | Roland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 did | obl |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 charge | punct |
| 33 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 charge | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | charge | past · do-support | Roland | the enemy and enemy's good sword | enemy's hand | again | thus property | tree rules | |
| 2 | fly | present | the stag | before the hounds | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before hound=Location | ||||
| 3 | do | past | Roland not said here | the heathen fly | before Roland | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fly=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/33/9/