Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Archbishop Turpin Died, sentence 3
Walter had but that moment come down from the hills where he had been fighting so fiercely with the heathen that all his men were dead; now he cried to Roland for help. "
Who acts: Walter, moment, heathen · What happens: have, come down, fight, be, cry · To what, where: hills, Roland
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Archbishop Turpin Died. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Walter, moment, heathen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Walter | Walter | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 had | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 6 come | cc |
| 4 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 5 moment | det |
| 5 | moment | moment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 come | nsubj |
| 6 | come | come | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 2 had | conj |
| 7 | down | down | ADV | _ | 6 come | advmod |
| 8 | from | from | ADP | _ | 10 hills | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 hills | det |
| 10 | hills | hill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 come | obl |
| 11 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 15 fighting | advmod |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 fighting | nsubj |
| 13 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 fighting | aux |
| 14 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 15 fighting | aux |
| 15 | fighting | fight | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 come | advcl |
| 16 | so | so | ADV | _ | 17 fiercely | advmod |
| 17 | fiercely | fiercely | ADV | _ | 15 fighting | advmod |
| 18 | with | with | ADP | _ | 20 heathen | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 heathen | det |
| 20 | heathen | heathen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 fighting | obl |
| 21 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 26 dead | nsubj |
| 22 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 24 men | det:predet |
| 23 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 men | nmod:poss |
| 24 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 dead | nsubj |
| 25 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 dead | cop |
| 26 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 heathen | acl:relcl |
| 27 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 cried | punct |
| 28 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 30 cried | advmod |
| 29 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 cried | nsubj |
| 30 | cried | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 had | conj |
| 31 | to | to | ADP | _ | 32 Roland | case |
| 32 | Roland | Roland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 cried | obl |
| 33 | for | for | ADP | _ | 34 help | case |
| 34 | help | help | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 cried | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 had | punct |
| 36 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | Walter | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | come down | infinitive | that moment | the hills | down property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from hill=Initial_Location | |||
| 3 | fight | past · perfect · progressive | Walter | with the heathen; fiercely property | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with heathen=Co-Agent | ||||
| 4 | is | past | the heathen | Walter's men nsubj; dead property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | cry speech: express | past | Walter | Roland | now | for help | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to roland=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/34/3/