Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, The Death of Roland, sentence 13
Coward," he said, "what made you so bold that you dared lay hands on Roland?
Who acts: Roland, you · What happens: say, make, dare · To what, where: you, hands, Roland · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Death of Roland. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Roland, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Coward | coward | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 said | ccomp |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Coward | punct |
| 3 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 1 Coward | punct |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 said | nsubj |
| 5 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 made | punct |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 made | punct |
| 8 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 9 made | nsubj |
| 9 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 said | ccomp |
| 10 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 9 made | obj |
| 11 | so | so | ADV | _ | 12 bold | advmod |
| 12 | bold | bold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 made | xcomp |
| 13 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 15 dared | mark |
| 14 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 15 dared | nsubj |
| 15 | dared | dare | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 bold | advcl |
| 16 | lay | lay | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 hands | nmod:poss |
| 17 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 dared | obj |
| 18 | on | on | ADP | _ | 19 Roland | case |
| 19 | Roland | Roland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 dared | obl |
| 20 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert in a quote | past | Roland | Coward ccomp | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | make | past | you | what nsubj; bold property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material you=Product | ||||
| 3 | dare | past | you | lay's hands | Roland | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/35/13/