Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Charlemagne Sought Vengeance, sentence 12
Then he turned to his nobles, and called four by name, and said to them, "Guard this field, these valleys and these hills.
Who acts: France · What happens: turn, call, say · To what, where: nobles, warriors · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Charlemagne Sought Vengeance. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (France), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 turned | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 turned | nsubj |
| 3 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 nobles | case |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 nobles | nmod:poss |
| 6 | nobles | noble | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 turned | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 called | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 called | cc |
| 9 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 turned | conj |
| 10 | four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 9 called | xcomp |
| 11 | by | by | ADP | _ | 12 name | case |
| 12 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 called | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 said | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 said | cc |
| 15 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 turned | conj |
| 16 | to | to | ADP | _ | 17 them | case |
| 17 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 said | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 Guard | punct |
| 19 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 20 Guard | punct |
| 20 | Guard | Guard | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 field | compound |
| 21 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 22 field | det |
| 22 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 said | ccomp |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 valleys | punct |
| 24 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 25 valleys | det |
| 25 | valleys | valley | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 field | conj |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 hills | cc |
| 27 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 28 hills | det |
| 28 | hills | hill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 field | conj |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 turned | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | turn | past | France | France's nobles | then | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to noble=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | call | participle | France not said here | by name; four xcomp | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | France not said here | warriors = warrior | this Guard field and this valleys and this hills ccomp | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to they=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/36/12/