Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Charlemagne Sought Vengeance, sentence 140
And King Charles, on his part, when he saw the Emir, and his standard, the Dragon, borne after him, cried with a loud voice, "Lords of France, you have fought many battles, and now there is yet one more for you to fight.
Who acts: Charles, standard, you, one more · What happens: see, bear, cry, fight, be · To what, where: Emir, Dragon, Lords, many battles · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Charlemagne Sought Vengeance. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Charles, standard, you, one more), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 saw | cc |
| 2 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Charles | nmod:desc |
| 3 | Charles | Charles | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 saw | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 part | punct |
| 5 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 part | case |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 part | nmod:poss |
| 7 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 Charles | appos |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 saw | punct |
| 9 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 11 saw | advmod |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 saw | nsubj |
| 11 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 Emir | det |
| 13 | Emir | Emir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 saw | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 cried | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 cried | cc |
| 16 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 standard | nmod:poss |
| 17 | standard | standard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 cried | nsubj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 Dragon | punct |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 Dragon | det |
| 20 | Dragon | Dragon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 standard | appos |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 borne | punct |
| 22 | borne | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 Dragon | acl |
| 23 | after | after | ADP | _ | 24 him | case |
| 24 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 borne | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 standard | punct |
| 26 | cried | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 saw | parataxis |
| 27 | with | with | ADP | _ | 30 voice | case |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 voice | det |
| 29 | loud | loud | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 voice | amod |
| 30 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 cried | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 Lords | punct |
| 32 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 33 Lords | punct |
| 33 | Lords | lord | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 cried | obl |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 France | case |
| 35 | France | France | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 Lords | nmod |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 fought | punct |
| 37 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 39 fought | nsubj |
| 38 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 fought | aux |
| 39 | fought | fight | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 26 cried | conj |
| 40 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 battles | amod |
| 41 | battles | battle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 fought | obj |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 is | punct |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 46 is | cc |
| 44 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 46 is | advmod |
| 45 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 46 is | expl |
| 46 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 saw | conj |
| 47 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 46 is | advmod |
| 48 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 49 more | nummod |
| 49 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 46 is | nsubj |
| 50 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 53 fight | mark |
| 51 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 53 fight | nsubj |
| 52 | to | to | PART | _ | 53 fight | mark |
| 53 | fight | fight | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 49 more | advcl |
| 54 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | Charles King | the Emir | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer emir=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | bear | participle | the Dragon not said here | after Emir | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | cry speech: express | past | Emir's standard | Lords of France | with a loud voice | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with voice=Theme | |||
| 4 | fight in a quote | present · perfect | you | many battles | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent battle=Co-Agent | ||||
| 5 | be in a quote | present | one more | there | now; yet | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 6 | fight in a quote | to-infinitive | you | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/36/140/