Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Charlemagne Sought Vengeance, sentence 161
The Duke yet clung with one arm to the neck of his horse; if the heathen deal him another such blow he is lost.
Who acts: Duke, heathen · What happens: cling, deal, lose · To what, where: such blow, Duke, heathen
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Charlemagne Sought Vengeance. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Duke, heathen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Duke | det |
| 2 | Duke | Duke | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 clung | nsubj |
| 3 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 4 clung | advmod |
| 4 | clung | cling | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 7 arm | case |
| 6 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 arm | nummod |
| 7 | arm | arm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 clung | obl |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 neck | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 neck | det |
| 10 | neck | neck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 clung | obl |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 horse | case |
| 12 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 horse | nmod:poss |
| 13 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 neck | nmod |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 deal | punct |
| 15 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 18 deal | mark |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 heathen | det |
| 17 | heathen | heathen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 deal | nsubj |
| 18 | deal | deal | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 clung | parataxis |
| 19 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 deal | obj |
| 20 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 22 blow | det |
| 21 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 blow | amod |
| 22 | blow | blow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 deal | obj |
| 23 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 lost | nsubj |
| 24 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 lost | aux:pass |
| 25 | lost | lose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 blow | acl:relcl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 clung | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cling | participle | the Duke | yet | with one arm; to the neck of Duke's horse | vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme with arm=Co-Theme | |||
| 2 | deal a condition, not said to happen | infinitive | the heathen | another such blow | Duke | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient blow=Theme | |||
| 3 | lose | present · passive | heathen | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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