Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Charlemagne Sought Vengeance, sentence 2
It was a grievous sight that he saw; there was not a foot of earth on which there lay not the body of some Frenchman or heathen.
Who acts: It, Roncesvalles, foot · What happens: be, see, not lie · To what, where: grievous sight, body, earth
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Charlemagne Sought Vengeance. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (It, Roncesvalles, foot), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 sight | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 sight | cop |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 sight | det |
| 4 | grievous | grievous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 sight | amod |
| 5 | sight | sight | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 saw | mark |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 saw | nsubj |
| 8 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 sight | acl:relcl |
| 9 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 11 was | punct |
| 10 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 11 was | expl |
| 11 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 sight | conj |
| 12 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 14 foot | advmod |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 foot | det |
| 14 | foot | foot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 was | nsubj |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 earth | case |
| 16 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 foot | nmod |
| 17 | on | on | ADP | _ | 18 which | case |
| 18 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 lay | obl |
| 19 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 20 lay | advmod |
| 20 | lay | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 earth | acl:relcl |
| 21 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 20 lay | advmod |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 body | det |
| 23 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 lay | obj |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 Frenchman | case |
| 25 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 26 Frenchman | det |
| 26 | Frenchman | frenchman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 body | nmod |
| 27 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 28 heathen | cc |
| 28 | heathen | heathen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 Frenchman | conj |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 sight | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | It | a grievous sight | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | see | past | Roncesvalles | a grievous sight not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer sight=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | be | past | a foot of earth | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | not lie | past | the body of some Frenchman or heathen | earth; there | vn spatial_configuration-47.6 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location body=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/36/2/