Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Charlemagne Sought Vengeance, sentence 209
As for the town, none of the heathen had any thought of defending it.
Who acts: none, thought · What happens: have, defend · To what, where: thought
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Charlemagne Sought Vengeance. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (none, thought), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 4 town | case |
| 2 | for | for | ADP | _ | 1 As | fixed |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 town | det |
| 4 | town | town | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 had | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 town | punct |
| 6 | none | none | PRON | PronType=Neg | 10 had | nsubj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 heathen | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 heathen | det |
| 9 | heathen | heathen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 none | nmod |
| 10 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 12 thought | det |
| 12 | thought | thought | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 had | obj |
| 13 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 14 defending | mark |
| 14 | defending | defend | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 12 thought | acl |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 defending | obj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | none of the heathen | any thought | as the town | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thought=Patient | |||
| 2 | defend | gerund | any thought not said here | thought | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Beneficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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