Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How King Charles Sent Huon on an Errand, sentence 18
So the messengers went back to the King and told him these words, and he was very glad, and said, "A good tree puts forth good fruit; Duke Sevyn of Bordeaux was a good man, and his sons are good men also.
Who acts: messengers, King, good tree, Duke Sevyn, sons · What happens: go back, tell, be, say, put · To what, where: words, King, good fruit, good man, good men · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How King Charles Sent Huon on an Errand. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (messengers, King, good tree, Duke Sevyn), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 4 went | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 messengers | det |
| 3 | messengers | messenger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 went | nsubj |
| 4 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | back | back | ADV | _ | 4 went | advmod |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 King | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 King | det |
| 8 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 went | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 told | cc |
| 10 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 went | conj |
| 11 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 told | iobj |
| 12 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 13 words | det |
| 13 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 told | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 glad | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 glad | cc |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 glad | nsubj |
| 17 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 glad | cop |
| 18 | very | very | ADV | _ | 19 glad | advmod |
| 19 | glad | glad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 told | parataxis |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 said | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 said | cc |
| 22 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 went | parataxis |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 puts | punct |
| 24 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 28 puts | punct |
| 25 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 tree | det |
| 26 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 tree | amod |
| 27 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 puts | nsubj |
| 28 | puts | put | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 said | conj |
| 29 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 28 puts | advmod |
| 30 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 fruit | amod |
| 31 | fruit | fruit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 puts | obj |
| 32 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 40 man | punct |
| 33 | Duke | Duke | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 Sevyn | compound |
| 34 | Sevyn | Sevyn | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 man | nsubj |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 Bordeaux | case |
| 36 | Bordeaux | Bordeaux | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 Sevyn | nmod |
| 37 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 40 man | cop |
| 38 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 man | det |
| 39 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 man | amod |
| 40 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 went | obl |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 men | punct |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 47 men | cc |
| 43 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 44 sons | nmod:poss |
| 44 | sons | son | NOUN | Number=Plur | 47 men | nsubj |
| 45 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 47 men | cop |
| 46 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 47 men | amod |
| 47 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 went | obl |
| 48 | also | also | ADV | _ | 47 men | advmod |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go back | past | the messengers | to the King result | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to king=Result | ||||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | past | the messengers not said here | this words | King | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient word=Topic | |||
| 3 | is | past | King | glad property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | past | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | put in a quote | present | a good tree | good fruit | forth property | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent fruit=Goal | |||
| 6 | is a in a quote | past | Duke Sevyn of Bordeaux | a good man | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | is a in a quote | present | King's sons | good men | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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