Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How King Charles Sent Huon on an Errand, sentence 85
The King said to the Duke Naymes, "Let them prepare a field where these two shall fight, and till it be prepared shut them up in a tower, and let a hundred knights be ready to keep the field when it is prepared.
Who acts: King, nephews, two, hundred knights · What happens: say, let, prepare, fight, shut up, be · To what, where: Duke Naymes, nephews, field, tower · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How King Charles Sent Huon on an Errand. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King, nephews, two, hundred knights), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 King | det |
| 2 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 said | nsubj |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 Naymes | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Naymes | det |
| 6 | Duke | Duke | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Naymes | compound |
| 7 | Naymes | Naymes | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 said | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 Let | punct |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 Let | punct |
| 10 | Let | let | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 said | ccomp |
| 11 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 Let | obj |
| 12 | prepare | prepare | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 Let | xcomp |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 field | det |
| 14 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 prepare | obj |
| 15 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 19 fight | advmod |
| 16 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 17 two | det |
| 17 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 19 fight | nsubj |
| 18 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 fight | aux |
| 19 | fight | fight | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 field | acl:relcl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 shut | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 shut | cc |
| 22 | till | till | SCONJ | _ | 25 prepared | mark |
| 23 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 prepared | nsubj:pass |
| 24 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 25 prepared | aux:pass |
| 25 | prepared | prepare | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 26 shut | advcl |
| 26 | shut | shut | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 3 said | parataxis |
| 27 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 shut | obj |
| 28 | up | up | ADP | _ | 26 shut | compound:prt |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 tower | case |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 tower | det |
| 31 | tower | tower | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 shut | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 let | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 let | cc |
| 34 | let | let | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 26 shut | parataxis |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 hundred | det |
| 36 | hundred | hundred | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 37 knights | nummod |
| 37 | knights | knight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 ready | nsubj |
| 38 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 39 ready | cop |
| 39 | ready | ready | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 let | ccomp |
| 40 | to | to | PART | _ | 41 keep | mark |
| 41 | keep | keep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 39 ready | xcomp |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 field | det |
| 43 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 keep | obj |
| 44 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 47 prepared | advmod |
| 45 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 47 prepared | nsubj:pass |
| 46 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 47 prepared | aux:pass |
| 47 | prepared | prepare | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 41 keep | advcl |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | the King | the Duke Naymes | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to naymes=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | let in a quote | infinitive | nephews = nephew | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | prepare in a quote | infinitive | nephews = nephew not said here | a field | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent field=Patient | ||||
| 4 | fight in a quote | shall | this two | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | prepare in a quote | infinitive · passive | field | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 6 | shut up in a quote | infinitive | nephews = nephew | a tower | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient | ||||
| 7 | let in a quote | infinitive | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 8 | is in a quote | infinitive | hundred knights | ready property | tree rules | ||||
| 9 | keep in a quote | to-infinitive | hundred knights not said here | the field | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent field=Theme | ||||
| 10 | prepare in a quote | present · passive | field | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/38/85/