Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How King Charles Sent Huon on an Errand, sentence 87
When all was ready, the two champions took each his oath upon the holy relics that he had spoken the truth, and then made themselves ready for the fight.
Who acts: all, two champions, man · What happens: be, take, speak, make · To what, where: oath, truth, champions · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How King Charles Sent Huon on an Errand. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (all, two champions, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 ready | advmod |
| 2 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 4 ready | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 ready | cop |
| 4 | ready | ready | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 took | punct |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 champions | det |
| 7 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 8 champions | nummod |
| 8 | champions | champion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 took | nsubj |
| 9 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 ready | parataxis |
| 10 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 12 oath | det |
| 11 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 oath | nmod:poss |
| 12 | oath | oath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 took | obj |
| 13 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 16 relics | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 relics | det |
| 15 | holy | holy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 relics | amod |
| 16 | relics | relic | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 oath | nmod |
| 17 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 20 spoken | mark |
| 18 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 spoken | nsubj |
| 19 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 spoken | aux |
| 20 | spoken | speak | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 16 relics | acl:relcl |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 truth | det |
| 22 | truth | truth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 spoken | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 made | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 made | cc |
| 25 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 26 made | advmod |
| 26 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 took | conj |
| 27 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 26 made | obj |
| 28 | ready | ready | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 made | xcomp |
| 29 | for | for | ADP | _ | 31 fight | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 fight | det |
| 31 | fight | fight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 ready | obl |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 ready | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | all | ready property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | take | past | the two champions | man's oath | upon the holy relics | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oath=Theme | |||
| 3 | speak speech: other | past · perfect | man | the truth | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | make | past | the two champions not said here | champions = champion | then | ready property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset themselves=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/38/87/