Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How the Duke Benes Came By His End, sentence 32
When Gerard of Roussillon, that was brother to Duke Benes, heard that the King was now near at hand, he said to the Duke, "Let us go without delay against the King."
Who acts: Gerard, King, us · What happens: be, hear, say, let, go · To what, where: brother, Duke, hand, us · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How the Duke Benes Came By His End. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gerard, King, us), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 13 heard | advmod |
| 2 | Gerard | Gerard | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 heard | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 Roussillon | case |
| 4 | Roussillon | Roussillon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Gerard | nmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 brother | punct |
| 6 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 8 brother | det |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 brother | cop |
| 8 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Gerard | appos |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 Duke | case |
| 10 | Duke | Duke | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 brother | nmod |
| 11 | Benes | Benes | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Duke | flat |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Gerard | punct |
| 13 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 said | advcl |
| 14 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 21 hand | mark |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 King | det |
| 16 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 hand | nsubj |
| 17 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 hand | cop |
| 18 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 21 hand | advmod |
| 19 | near | near | ADP | _ | 21 hand | case |
| 20 | at | at | ADP | _ | 21 hand | case |
| 21 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 heard | ccomp |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 heard | punct |
| 23 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 said | nsubj |
| 24 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 25 | to | to | ADP | _ | 27 Duke | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 Duke | det |
| 27 | Duke | Duke | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 said | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 Let | punct |
| 29 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 30 Let | punct |
| 30 | Let | let | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 said | ccomp |
| 31 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 30 Let | obj |
| 32 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 Let | xcomp |
| 33 | without | without | ADP | _ | 34 delay | case |
| 34 | delay | delay | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 go | obl |
| 35 | against | against | ADP | _ | 37 King | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 King | det |
| 37 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 delay | nmod |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 30 Let | punct |
| 39 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 30 Let | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | that brother | Duke | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | hear | past | Gerard of Roussillon | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 3 | is | past | the King | hand | now | tree rules | |||
| 4 | say speech: assert | past | King | the Duke | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to duke=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 5 | let in a quote | infinitive | us | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | go in a quote | infinitive | us not said here | without delay against the King | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/4/32/