Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How the Duke Benes Came By His End, sentence 74
They are valiant men, and you had better have them for friends than for enemies."
Who acts: chief, you · What happens: be, have · To what, where: valiant men, chief
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How the Duke Benes Came By His End. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chief, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 men | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 men | cop |
| 3 | valiant | valiant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 men | amod |
| 4 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 had | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 had | cc |
| 7 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 8 had | nsubj |
| 8 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 men | acl:relcl |
| 9 | better | good | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 8 had | xcomp |
| 10 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 better | csubj |
| 11 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 have | obj |
| 12 | for | for | ADP | _ | 13 friends | case |
| 13 | friends | friend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 have | obl |
| 14 | than | than | ADP | _ | 16 enemies | case |
| 15 | for | for | ADP | _ | 16 enemies | case |
| 16 | enemies | enemy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 friends | nmod |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 men | punct |
| 18 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 men | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | chief | valiant men | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | have | past | you | valiant men not said here | good property | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Patient | |||
| 3 | have | infinitive | chief | for friends than enemies | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/4/74/