Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How the Duke Benes Came By His End, sentence 91
I held that the King was a true man, but now I see that he practises treachery against me.
Who acts: I, King · What happens: hold, be, see, practise · To what, where: true man, treachery
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How the Duke Benes Came By His End. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, King), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 held | nsubj |
| 2 | held | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 9 man | mark |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 King | det |
| 5 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 man | nsubj |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 man | cop |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 man | det |
| 8 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 man | amod |
| 9 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 held | advcl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 see | punct |
| 11 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 14 see | cc |
| 12 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 14 see | advmod |
| 13 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 14 see | nsubj |
| 14 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 held | parataxis |
| 15 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 17 practises | mark |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 practises | nsubj |
| 17 | practises | practise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 see | advcl |
| 18 | treachery | treachery | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 practises | obj |
| 19 | against | against | ADP | _ | 20 me | case |
| 20 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 17 practises | obl |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 held | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hold | past | I | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | is a | past | the King | a true man | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | see | present | I | now | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 4 | practise | present | King | treachery | against me | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/4/91/