Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the End of the False Duke Macaire, sentence 39
And when they had supped, Huon serving them all the time full courteously, he took the cup and showed it to the Duke, saying, "Is not this cup empty?" "'
Who acts: knights, Huon, Duke, cup · What happens: sup, serve, take, show, say, not be · To what, where: Huon, knights, cup, Duke · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the End of the False Duke Macaire. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (knights, Huon, Duke, cup), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 supped | cc |
| 2 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 5 supped | advmod |
| 3 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 supped | nsubj |
| 4 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 supped | aux |
| 5 | supped | sup | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 Huon | punct |
| 7 | Huon | Huon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 supped | obj |
| 8 | serving | serve | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 Huon | acl |
| 9 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 serving | obj |
| 10 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 12 time | det:predet |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 time | det |
| 12 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 serving | obl |
| 13 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 time | amod |
| 14 | courteously | courteously | ADV | _ | 13 full | advmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 took | punct |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 took | nsubj |
| 17 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 supped | parataxis |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 cup | det |
| 19 | cup | cup | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 took | obj |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 showed | cc |
| 21 | showed | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 took | conj |
| 22 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 showed | obj |
| 23 | to | to | ADP | _ | 25 Duke | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 Duke | det |
| 25 | Duke | Duke | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 showed | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 saying | punct |
| 27 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 21 showed | advcl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 empty | punct |
| 29 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 34 empty | punct |
| 30 | Is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 empty | cop |
| 31 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 34 empty | advmod |
| 32 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 33 cup | det |
| 33 | cup | cup | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 empty | nsubj |
| 34 | empty | empty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 saying | ccomp |
| 35 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 supped | punct |
| 36 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 supped | punct |
| 37 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 supped | punct |
| 38 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 5 supped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sup | past · perfect | knights = knight | Huon | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | serve | gerund | Huon not said here | knights = knight | time | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Attribute | |||
| 3 | take | past | Duke | the cup | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cup=Theme | ||||
| 4 | show | past | Duke not said here | cup | the Duke | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Topic to duke=Recipient | |||
| 5 | say speech: ask | gerund | Duke not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | not is in a quote | present | this cup | empty property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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