Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the End of the False Duke Macaire, sentence 59
Geoffrey, having charge of these prisoners, for he was in high authority under the Duke, went to the dungeons where they lay, and said to them, "Sirs, if you would save your lives, follow me."
Who acts: Geoffrey, prisoners · What happens: have, be, go, lay, say, save · To what, where: dungeons, Sirs, prisoners, lives, Geoffrey · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the End of the False Duke Macaire. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Geoffrey, prisoners), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Geoffrey | Geoffrey | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 went | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 charge | punct |
| 3 | having | have | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 4 charge | amod |
| 4 | charge | charge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Geoffrey | appos |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 prisoners | case |
| 6 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 7 prisoners | det |
| 7 | prisoners | prisoner | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 charge | nmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 authority | punct |
| 9 | for | for | ADP | _ | 14 authority | case |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 authority | nsubj |
| 11 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 authority | cop |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 authority | case |
| 13 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 authority | amod |
| 14 | authority | authority | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Geoffrey | appos |
| 15 | under | under | ADP | _ | 17 Duke | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 Duke | det |
| 17 | Duke | Duke | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 authority | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Geoffrey | punct |
| 19 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 20 | to | to | ADP | _ | 22 dungeons | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 dungeons | det |
| 22 | dungeons | dungeon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 went | obl |
| 23 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 25 lay | advmod |
| 24 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 lay | nsubj |
| 25 | lay | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 dungeons | acl:relcl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 said | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 said | cc |
| 28 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 went | conj |
| 29 | to | to | ADP | _ | 30 them | case |
| 30 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 said | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 Sirs | punct |
| 32 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 33 Sirs | punct |
| 33 | Sirs | sir | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 said | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 save | punct |
| 35 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 38 save | mark |
| 36 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 38 save | nsubj |
| 37 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 38 save | aux |
| 38 | save | save | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 said | ccomp |
| 39 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 40 lives | nmod:poss |
| 40 | lives | life | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 save | obj |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 follow | punct |
| 42 | follow | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 38 save | conj |
| 43 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 42 follow | obj |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 38 save | punct |
| 45 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 38 save | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | gerund | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | is | past | Geoffrey | for high authority; under the Duke | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | go | past | Geoffrey | the dungeons | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to dungeon=Initial_Location | ||||
| 4 | lay | present | prisoners = prisoner | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | say speech: assert | past | Geoffrey not said here | Sirs | prisoners = prisoner | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to they=Recipient clause=Topic | |||
| 6 | save a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | would | prisoners = prisoner | your lives | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Theme | ||||
| 7 | follow in a quote | infinitive | prisoners = prisoner not said here | Geoffrey | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme | ||||
| 8 | charge | this prisoners | nom charge «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/40/59/