Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the End of the False Duke Macaire, sentence 75
Gerames said to Huon, "Now, sir, it is time for you to blow your horn, for unless there come to us some help we shall scarce see another day."
Who acts: Gerames, castle, Huon, we · What happens: say, be, blow, come, see · To what, where: Huon, time, horn, help, us · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the End of the False Duke Macaire. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gerames, castle, Huon, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Gerames | gerame | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 said | nsubj |
| 2 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | to | to | ADP | _ | 4 Huon | case |
| 4 | Huon | Huon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 said | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 said | punct |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 sir | punct |
| 7 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 9 sir | advmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 sir | punct |
| 9 | sir | sir | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 said | ccomp |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 time | punct |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 time | nsubj |
| 12 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 time | cop |
| 13 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 sir | appos |
| 14 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 17 blow | mark |
| 15 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 17 blow | nsubj |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 blow | mark |
| 17 | blow | blow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 time | acl |
| 18 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 horn | nmod:poss |
| 19 | horn | horn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 blow | obj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 come | punct |
| 21 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 24 come | mark |
| 22 | unless | unless | SCONJ | _ | 24 come | mark |
| 23 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 24 come | advmod |
| 24 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 blow | conj |
| 25 | to | to | ADP | _ | 26 us | case |
| 26 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 24 come | obl |
| 27 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 28 help | det |
| 28 | help | help | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 come | obl |
| 29 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 32 see | nsubj |
| 30 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 32 see | aux |
| 31 | scarce | scarce | ADV | _ | 32 see | advmod |
| 32 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 help | acl:relcl |
| 33 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 34 day | det |
| 34 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 see | obj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 sir | punct |
| 36 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 sir | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Gerames | Huon | sir ccomp | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to huon=Recipient | |||
| 2 | is a in a quote | present | castle | time | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | blow in a quote | to-infinitive | Huon | your horn | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent horn=Patient | ||||
| 4 | come a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | infinitive | Huon not said here | some help | us | there | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to we=Initial_Location | ||
| 5 | see in a quote | shall | we | some help not said here | day | scarce property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer help=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/40/75/