Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the End of the False Duke Macaire, sentence 92
As for the Duke, he was slain without mercy, for he was an evil man, and had sinned against knowledge, and they hanged his body on a gibbet that was set upon the wall, that his end might serve as an example for others.
Who acts: King, Gerames, end · What happens: slay, be, sin, hange, set, serve · To what, where: King, body, gibbet, wall
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the End of the False Duke Macaire. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King, Gerames, end), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 4 Duke | case |
| 2 | for | for | ADP | _ | 1 As | fixed |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 Duke | det |
| 4 | Duke | Duke | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 slain | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 Duke | punct |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 slain | nsubj |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 slain | aux:pass |
| 8 | slain | slay | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 9 | without | without | ADP | _ | 10 mercy | case |
| 10 | mercy | mercy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 slain | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 man | punct |
| 12 | for | for | ADP | _ | 17 man | case |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 man | nsubj |
| 14 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 man | cop |
| 15 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 man | det |
| 16 | evil | evil | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 man | amod |
| 17 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 slain | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 sinned | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 sinned | cc |
| 20 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 sinned | aux |
| 21 | sinned | sin | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 slain | conj |
| 22 | against | against | ADP | _ | 23 knowledge | case |
| 23 | knowledge | knowledge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 sinned | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 hanged | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 hanged | cc |
| 26 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 hanged | nsubj |
| 27 | hanged | hange | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 slain | parataxis |
| 28 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 body | nmod:poss |
| 29 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 hanged | obj |
| 30 | on | on | ADP | _ | 32 gibbet | case |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 gibbet | det |
| 32 | gibbet | gibbet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 hanged | obl |
| 33 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 35 set | nsubj:pass |
| 34 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 set | aux:pass |
| 35 | set | set | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 32 gibbet | acl:relcl |
| 36 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 38 wall | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 wall | det |
| 38 | wall | wall | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 set | obl |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 serve | punct |
| 40 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 44 serve | mark |
| 41 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 end | nmod:poss |
| 42 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 serve | nsubj |
| 43 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 44 serve | aux |
| 44 | serve | serve | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 hanged | parataxis |
| 45 | as | as | ADP | _ | 47 example | case |
| 46 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 47 example | det |
| 47 | example | example | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 serve | obl |
| 48 | for | for | ADP | _ | 49 others | case |
| 49 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 44 serve | obl |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 slain | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | slay | past · passive | King | as the Duke; without mercy | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 2 | is | past | King | for a evil man | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | sin | past · perfect | against knowledge | vn rebel-71.2-1-1 «NP V PP.maleficiary»: agent=Agent against knowledge=Maleficiary | |||||
| 4 | hange | past | Gerames = gerame | King's body | a gibbet | tree rules | |||
| 5 | set | past · passive | a gibbet | the wall | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: subject=Theme upon wall=Destination | ||||
| 6 | serve | might | King's end | as a example; for others | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as example=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/40/92/