Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Huon, Having Slain a Giant, Came to Babylon, sentence 122
When Huon heard the maiden thus speak, he said to himself, "Now must I be true as becomes a Christian man.
Who acts: Huon, maiden · What happens: hear, speak, say, be, become · To what, where: maiden, Huon, Christian man · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Huon, Having Slain a Giant, Came to Babylon. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Huon, maiden), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 heard | advmod |
| 2 | Huon | Huon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 heard | nsubj |
| 3 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 said | advcl |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 maiden | det |
| 5 | maiden | maiden | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 heard | obj |
| 6 | thus | thus | ADV | _ | 7 speak | advmod |
| 7 | speak | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 maiden | acl:relcl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 heard | punct |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 said | nsubj |
| 10 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | to | to | ADP | _ | 12 himself | case |
| 12 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 10 said | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 true | punct |
| 14 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 true | punct |
| 15 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 19 true | advmod |
| 16 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 true | aux |
| 17 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 19 true | nsubj |
| 18 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 19 true | cop |
| 19 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 said | ccomp |
| 20 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 21 becomes | mark |
| 21 | becomes | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 true | advcl |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 man | det |
| 23 | Christian | Christian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 man | amod |
| 24 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 becomes | xcomp |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | Huon | the maiden | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer maiden=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | speak speech: other | present | the maiden not said here | thus property | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | Huon | Huon | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to himself=Recipient | ||||
| 4 | is in a quote | must | Huon | now | true property | tree rules | |||
| 5 | become in a quote | present | Huon not said here | a Christian man | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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