Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Huon, Having Slain a Giant, Came to Babylon, sentence 132
And when he had opened the door, she said to Huon, "Sir Knight, I do greatly admire your constancy, in that you hold out against hunger and thirst, which to many, I doubt not, are harder to be borne than any perils or hurts of battle.
Who acts: Esclairmonde, Huon, battle · What happens: open, say, admire, hold out, not doubt, be · To what, where: Friend, Huon, constancy, hunger · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Huon, Having Slain a Giant, Came to Babylon. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Esclairmonde, Huon, battle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 said | cc |
| 2 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 5 opened | advmod |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 opened | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 opened | aux |
| 5 | opened | open | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 said | ccomp |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 door | det |
| 7 | door | door | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 opened | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 opened | punct |
| 9 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 said | nsubj |
| 10 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | to | to | ADP | _ | 12 Huon | case |
| 12 | Huon | Huon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 said | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 Knight | punct |
| 14 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 Knight | punct |
| 15 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Knight | nmod:desc |
| 16 | Knight | Knight | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 Huon | appos |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 admire | punct |
| 18 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 21 admire | nsubj |
| 19 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 admire | aux |
| 20 | greatly | greatly | ADV | _ | 21 admire | advmod |
| 21 | admire | admire | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 said | conj |
| 22 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 constancy | nmod:poss |
| 23 | constancy | constancy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 admire | obj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 hold | punct |
| 25 | in | in | SCONJ | ExtPos=SCONJ | 28 hold | mark |
| 26 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 25 in | fixed |
| 27 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 28 hold | nsubj |
| 28 | hold | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 admire | conj |
| 29 | out | out | ADP | _ | 28 hold | compound:prt |
| 30 | against | against | ADP | _ | 31 hunger | case |
| 31 | hunger | hunger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 hold | obl |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 thirst | cc |
| 33 | thirst | thirst | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 hunger | conj |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 many | punct |
| 35 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 37 many | nsubj |
| 36 | to | to | ADP | _ | 37 many | case |
| 37 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 hunger | conj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 doubt | punct |
| 39 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 40 doubt | nsubj |
| 40 | doubt | doubt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 admire | conj |
| 41 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 40 doubt | advmod |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 harder | punct |
| 43 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 44 harder | cop |
| 44 | harder | hard | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 40 doubt | xcomp |
| 45 | to | to | PART | _ | 47 borne | mark |
| 46 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 47 borne | aux:pass |
| 47 | borne | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 44 harder | advcl |
| 48 | than | than | ADP | _ | 50 perils | case |
| 49 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 50 perils | det |
| 50 | perils | peril | NOUN | Number=Plur | 47 borne | obl |
| 51 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 52 hurts | cc |
| 52 | hurts | hurt | NOUN | Number=Plur | 50 perils | conj |
| 53 | of | of | ADP | _ | 54 battle | case |
| 54 | battle | battle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 hurts | nmod |
| 55 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | open | past · perfect · passive | Friend | the door obj | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Theme door=Destination | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | Esclairmonde | Huon | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient whether/if S»: agent=Pivot to huon=Experiencer clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | admire in a quote | present · do-support | Esclairmonde | your constancy | greatly property | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer constancy=Stimulus | |||
| 4 | hold out in a quote | present | Huon | hunger and thirst | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against hunger=Location | ||||
| 5 | not doubt in a quote | present | Esclairmonde | vn judgment-33.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | is in a quote | present | Esclairmonde not said here | hard property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | bear in a quote | to-infinitive · passive | Esclairmonde not said here | than any perils or hurts of battle | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S» | ||||
| 8 | hurt in a quote | battle | nom hurt «state intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/41/132/