Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Huon, Having Slain a Giant, Came to Babylon, sentence 50
Thereat the giant, in great wrath, made at him with a falchion that he carried in his hand, but missing his stroke, he smote a pillar that stood hard by so sharply that the steel fixed itself in the stone.
Who acts: Huon, pillar, steel · What happens: make, carry, miss, smite, stand, fix · To what, where: great wrath, falchion, hand, stroke, pillar, steel
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Huon, Having Slain a Giant, Came to Babylon. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Huon, pillar, steel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thereat | thereat | ADV | _ | 3 giant | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 giant | det |
| 3 | giant | giant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 wrath | punct |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 wrath | case |
| 6 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 wrath | amod |
| 7 | wrath | wrath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 giant | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 made | punct |
| 9 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 wrath | acl |
| 10 | at | at | ADP | _ | 11 him | case |
| 11 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 made | obl |
| 12 | with | with | ADP | _ | 14 falchion | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 falchion | det |
| 14 | falchion | falchion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 made | obl |
| 15 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 17 carried | mark |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 carried | nsubj |
| 17 | carried | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 falchion | acl |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 hand | case |
| 19 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 hand | nmod:poss |
| 20 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 carried | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 smote | punct |
| 22 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 28 smote | cc |
| 23 | missing | miss | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 28 smote | advcl |
| 24 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 stroke | nmod:poss |
| 25 | stroke | stroke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 missing | obj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 missing | punct |
| 27 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 smote | nsubj |
| 28 | smote | smite | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 giant | conj |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 pillar | det |
| 30 | pillar | pillar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 smote | obj |
| 31 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 32 stood | nsubj |
| 32 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 pillar | acl:relcl |
| 33 | hard | hard | ADV | Degree=Pos | 32 stood | advmod |
| 34 | by | by | ADP | _ | 36 sharply | case |
| 35 | so | so | ADV | _ | 36 sharply | advmod |
| 36 | sharply | sharply | ADV | _ | 32 stood | obl |
| 37 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 40 fixed | mark |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 steel | det |
| 39 | steel | steel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 fixed | nsubj |
| 40 | fixed | fix | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 stood | advcl |
| 41 | itself | itself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 40 fixed | obj |
| 42 | in | in | ADP | _ | 44 stone | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 stone | det |
| 44 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 fixed | obl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 giant | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | participle | great wrath not said here | at Huon; with a falchion | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ||||
| 2 | carry | past | Huon | a falchion not said here | Huon's hand | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent falchion=Value in hand=Location | |||
| 3 | miss | gerund | Huon not said here | Huon's stroke | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer stroke=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | smite | past | Huon | a pillar | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus pillar=Experiencer | ||||
| 5 | stand | past | a pillar | hard property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by sharply=Location | ||||
| 6 | fix | past | the steel | steel | the stone | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent itself=Patient | |||
| 8 | stroke | Huon | nom stroke «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/41/50/