Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Huon, Having Slain a Giant, Came to Babylon, sentence 53
This done, Huon looked forth from a window of the tower, and cried to his comrades, where they stood in no little fear, "Come up hither, I have slain the giant."
Who acts: Huon, comrades · What happens: do, look, cry, stand, come up, slay · To what, where: This, comrades, little fear, giant · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Huon, Having Slain a Giant, Came to Babylon. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Huon, comrades), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 done | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 looked | advcl |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 done | punct |
| 4 | Huon | Huon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 looked | nsubj |
| 5 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 5 looked | advmod |
| 7 | from | from | ADP | _ | 9 window | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 window | det |
| 9 | window | window | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 looked | obl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 tower | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 tower | det |
| 12 | tower | tower | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 window | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 cried | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 cried | cc |
| 15 | cried | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 looked | conj |
| 16 | to | to | ADP | _ | 18 comrades | case |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 comrades | nmod:poss |
| 18 | comrades | comrade | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 cried | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 stood | punct |
| 20 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 22 stood | advmod |
| 21 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 stood | nsubj |
| 22 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 cried | conj |
| 23 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 fear | case |
| 24 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 26 fear | det |
| 25 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 fear | amod |
| 26 | fear | fear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 stood | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 Come | punct |
| 28 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 29 Come | punct |
| 29 | Come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 stood | conj |
| 30 | up | up | ADV | _ | 29 Come | advmod |
| 31 | hither | hither | ADV | _ | 29 Come | advmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 slain | punct |
| 33 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 35 slain | nsubj |
| 34 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 slain | aux |
| 35 | slain | slay | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 29 Come | advcl |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 giant | det |
| 37 | giant | giant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 slain | obj |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 looked | punct |
| 39 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 looked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do | participle · passive | This | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | look | past | Huon | from a window of the tower; forth property | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent from window=Theme | ||||
| 3 | cry speech: express | past | Huon not said here | Huon's comrades | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to comrade=Recipient | ||||
| 4 | stand | past | comrades = comrade | no little fear | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in fear=Location | ||||
| 5 | come up in a quote | infinitive | comrades = comrade not said here | hither property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | slay in a quote | present · perfect | Huon | the giant | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent giant=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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