Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Huon, Having Slain a Giant, Came to Babylon, sentence 92
Know," he cried, "that before you fifteen messengers have come to me making this same demand, and these fifteen have been hanged by the neck in the very same place; and you shall be the sixteenth."
Who acts: you, anger, that, me, neck · What happens: know, cry, come, make, hange, be · To what, where: same demand, fifteen, same place, sixteenth · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Huon, Having Slain a Giant, Came to Babylon. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, anger, that, me), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Know | know | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 cried | punct |
| 3 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 cried | punct |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 cried | nsubj |
| 5 | cried | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 1 Know | parataxis |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 cried | punct |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 cried | punct |
| 8 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 come | nsubj |
| 9 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 14 come | mark |
| 10 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 14 come | nsubj |
| 11 | fifteen | fifteen | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 12 messengers | nummod |
| 12 | messengers | messenger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 you | conj |
| 13 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 come | aux |
| 14 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 cried | parataxis |
| 15 | to | to | SCONJ | _ | 17 making | mark |
| 16 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 17 making | nsubj |
| 17 | making | make | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 14 come | advcl |
| 18 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 20 demand | det |
| 19 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 demand | amod |
| 20 | demand | demand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 making | obj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 hanged | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 hanged | cc |
| 23 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 24 fifteen | det |
| 24 | fifteen | fifteen | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 27 hanged | nsubj:pass |
| 25 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 hanged | aux |
| 26 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 27 hanged | aux:pass |
| 27 | hanged | hange | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 cried | conj |
| 28 | by | by | ADP | _ | 30 neck | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 neck | det |
| 30 | neck | neck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 hanged | obl |
| 31 | in | in | ADP | _ | 35 place | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 place | det |
| 33 | very | very | ADV | _ | 34 same | advmod |
| 34 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 place | amod |
| 35 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 hanged | obl |
| 36 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 42 sixteenth | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 sixteenth | cc |
| 38 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 42 sixteenth | nsubj |
| 39 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 42 sixteenth | aux |
| 40 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 42 sixteenth | cop |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 sixteenth | det |
| 42 | sixteenth | sixteenth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Know | parataxis |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 42 sixteenth | punct |
| 44 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 42 sixteenth | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know | imperative | you not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | cry speech: express in a quote | past | anger | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | come | present · perfect | that | you nsubj | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | make | gerund | me | this same demand | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent demand=Product | ||||
| 5 | hange | present · perfect · passive | the neck | this fifteen | the same place | tree rules | |||
| 6 | is a | shall | you | the sixteenth | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/41/92/