Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How It Fared With the Brethren, sentence 110
Now the Duke Aymon chanced to be hawking that day by the river, and the Duchess was in her chamber, where she was wont to sit, in much grief because she had no tidings of her children.
Who acts: Duke Aymon, Duchess, townsfolk · What happens: chance, hawk, be, sit, have · To what, where: chamber, much grief, tidings
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How It Fared With the Brethren. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Duke Aymon, Duchess, townsfolk), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 chanced | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 Aymon | det |
| 3 | Duke | Duke | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Aymon | compound |
| 4 | Aymon | Aymon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 chanced | nsubj |
| 5 | chanced | chance | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 hawking | mark |
| 7 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 8 hawking | aux |
| 8 | hawking | hawk | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 chanced | advcl |
| 9 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 10 day | det |
| 10 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 hawking | obj |
| 11 | by | by | ADP | _ | 13 river | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 river | det |
| 13 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 hawking | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 chamber | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 chamber | cc |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 Duchess | det |
| 17 | Duchess | Duchess | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 chamber | nsubj |
| 18 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 chamber | cop |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 chamber | case |
| 20 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 chamber | nmod:poss |
| 21 | chamber | chamber | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 chanced | parataxis |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 wont | punct |
| 23 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 26 wont | advmod |
| 24 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 wont | nsubj |
| 25 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 wont | cop |
| 26 | wont | wont | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 chamber | conj |
| 27 | to | to | PART | _ | 28 sit | mark |
| 28 | sit | sit | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 wont | xcomp |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 grief | punct |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 32 grief | case |
| 31 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 grief | amod |
| 32 | grief | grief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 sit | obl |
| 33 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 35 had | mark |
| 34 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 had | nsubj |
| 35 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 sit | advcl |
| 36 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 37 tidings | det |
| 37 | tidings | tiding | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 had | obj |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 40 children | case |
| 39 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 40 children | nmod:poss |
| 40 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 tidings | nmod |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 chanced | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | chance | past | the Duke Aymon | now | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | hawk | to-infinitive · progressive | the Duke Aymon not said here | day | by the river | vn berry-13.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 3 | is | past | the Duchess | townsfolk's chamber | townsfolk nmod:poss | tree rules | |||
| 4 | is | past | townsfolk | wont property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | sit | to-infinitive | townsfolk not said here | much grief | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in grief=Location | ||||
| 6 | have | past | townsfolk | no tidings of townsfolk's children | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tiding=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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