Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, The Coming of Roland, sentence 61
But it chanced that, not long after, Mawgis named Reynaud by name, and the host heard it and said, "This beyond all doubt is Reynaud who slew the King's nephew.
Who acts: rider, name, host, doubt, Reynaud · What happens: chance, name, hear, say, be, slay · To what, where: that, Mawgis, rider, This, nephew · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Coming of Roland. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rider, name, host, doubt), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 3 chanced | cc |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 chanced | nsubj |
| 3 | chanced | chance | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 chanced | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 long | punct |
| 6 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 7 long | advmod |
| 7 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 3 chanced | advmod |
| 8 | after | after | ADV | _ | 7 long | advmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 named | punct |
| 10 | Mawgis | Mawgis | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 named | nsubj:pass |
| 11 | named | name | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 chanced | parataxis |
| 12 | Reynaud | Reynaud | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 named | xcomp |
| 13 | by | by | ADP | _ | 14 name | case |
| 14 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 named | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 heard | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 heard | cc |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 host | det |
| 18 | host | host | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 heard | nsubj |
| 19 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 chanced | parataxis |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 heard | obj |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 said | cc |
| 22 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 heard | conj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 This | punct |
| 24 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 25 This | punct |
| 25 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 22 said | obl |
| 26 | beyond | beyond | ADP | _ | 30 Reynaud | case |
| 27 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 28 doubt | det |
| 28 | doubt | doubt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 Reynaud | nsubj |
| 29 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 Reynaud | cop |
| 30 | Reynaud | Reynaud | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 said | obl |
| 31 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 32 slew | nsubj |
| 32 | slew | slay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 Reynaud | acl:relcl |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 King | det |
| 34 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 nephew | nmod:poss |
| 35 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 34 King | case |
| 36 | nephew | nephew | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 slew | obj |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 chanced | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | chance | past | rider | that | long property | vn risk-94-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Pivot | |||
| 2 | name | participle · passive | name | Mawgis | Reynaud xcomp | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | |||
| 3 | hear | past | the host | rider | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | past | the host not said here | This | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | is in a quote | present | all doubt | beyond Reynaud | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | slay in a quote | past | Reynaud | the King's nephew | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nephew=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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