Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, The Coming of Roland, sentence 7
Thereupon, King John, holding that he could not honour too greatly so valiant a knight, yielded to him a fair hill whereon was a castle, and gave him also his sister in marriage.
Who acts: King, John, castle · What happens: hold, not honour, yield, be, give · To what, where: valiant, King, castle, sister
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Coming of Roland. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King, John, castle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thereupon | thereupon | ADV | _ | 4 John | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Thereupon | punct |
| 3 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 John | nmod:desc |
| 4 | John | John | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 castle | nsubj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 John | punct |
| 6 | holding | hold | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 28 castle | csubj |
| 7 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 11 honour | mark |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 honour | nsubj |
| 9 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 11 honour | aux |
| 10 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 11 honour | advmod |
| 11 | honour | honour | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 valiant | advcl |
| 12 | too | too | ADV | _ | 11 honour | advmod |
| 13 | greatly | greatly | ADV | _ | 15 valiant | advmod |
| 14 | so | so | ADV | _ | 15 valiant | advmod |
| 15 | valiant | valiant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 holding | obj |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 knight | det |
| 17 | knight | knight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 valiant | nsubj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 yielded | punct |
| 19 | yielded | yield | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 valiant | conj |
| 20 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 him | case |
| 21 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 yielded | obl |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 hill | det |
| 23 | fair | fair | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 hill | amod |
| 24 | hill | hill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 holding | obj |
| 25 | whereon | whereon | ADV | PronType=Int | 6 holding | advmod |
| 26 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 castle | cop |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 castle | det |
| 28 | castle | castle | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 gave | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 gave | cc |
| 31 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 castle | acl:relcl |
| 32 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 gave | iobj |
| 33 | also | also | ADV | _ | 35 sister | advmod |
| 34 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 sister | nmod:poss |
| 35 | sister | sister | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 gave | obl |
| 36 | in | in | ADP | _ | 37 marriage | case |
| 37 | marriage | marriage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 sister | nmod |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 28 castle | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hold | gerund | valiant a knight | a fair hill obj; whereon property | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent valiant=Theme hill=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | not honour | could | King | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | yield | participle | King | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.pivot»: agent=Agent to he=Pivot | |||||
| 4 | is a | past | John King | a castle | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | give | past | a castle not said here | King's sister in marriage | King | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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