Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, The Coming of Roland, sentence 72
When Bayard heard his master so speak, he understood him as well as though he had been a man.
Who acts: Bayard · What happens: hear, understand, be · To what, where: master, horse, man
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Coming of Roland. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bayard), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 heard | advmod |
| 2 | Bayard | Bayard | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 heard | nsubj |
| 3 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 understood | advcl |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 master | nmod:poss |
| 5 | master | master | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 heard | obj |
| 6 | so | so | SCONJ | _ | 7 speak | case |
| 7 | speak | speak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 heard | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 heard | punct |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 understood | nsubj |
| 10 | understood | understand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 understood | obj |
| 12 | as | as | ADV | ExtPos=CCONJ | 20 man | cc |
| 13 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 12 as | fixed |
| 14 | as | as | ADP | _ | 12 as | fixed |
| 15 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 20 man | mark |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 man | nsubj |
| 17 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 man | aux |
| 18 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 20 man | cop |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 man | det |
| 20 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 understood | conj |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 understood | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | Bayard | Bayard's master | so speak | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer master=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | understand | past | Bayard | horse | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | is a | past · perfect | Bayard | a man | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/6/72/