Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Treachery of King John, sentence 27
The two met with so great force that the spears of both were broken in pieces; but Reynaud being the quicker to draw his sword dealt the Archbishop so grievous a blow that both he and his horse were well-nigh brought to the ground.
Who acts: two, spears, Reynaud, quicker · What happens: meet, break, be, draw, deal, bring · To what, where: both, pieces, sword, Archbishop, Reynaud
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Treachery of King John. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (two, spears, Reynaud, quicker), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 met | det |
| 2 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 met | nsubj |
| 3 | met | meet | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | with | with | ADP | _ | 7 force | case |
| 5 | so | so | ADV | _ | 6 great | advmod |
| 6 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 force | amod |
| 7 | force | force | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 met | obl |
| 8 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 10 spears | mark |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 spears | det |
| 10 | spears | spear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 force | nmod |
| 11 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 14 broken | mark |
| 12 | both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 14 broken | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 broken | aux:pass |
| 14 | broken | break | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 spears | acl |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 pieces | case |
| 16 | pieces | piece | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 broken | obl |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 dealt | punct |
| 18 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 22 quicker | cc |
| 19 | Reynaud | Reynaud | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 quicker | nsubj |
| 20 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 22 quicker | cop |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 quicker | det |
| 22 | quicker | quick | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 27 dealt | nsubj |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 draw | mark |
| 24 | draw | draw | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 quicker | xcomp |
| 25 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 sword | nmod:poss |
| 26 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 draw | obj |
| 27 | dealt | deal | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 met | conj |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 Archbishop | det |
| 29 | Archbishop | archbishop | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 dealt | obj |
| 30 | so | so | ADV | _ | 31 grievous | advmod |
| 31 | grievous | grievous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 dealt | xcomp |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 blow | det |
| 33 | blow | blow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 dealt | obj |
| 34 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 44 brought | obj |
| 35 | both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 36 he | reparandum |
| 36 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 44 brought | nsubj:pass |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 horse | cc |
| 38 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 39 horse | nmod:poss |
| 39 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 he | conj |
| 40 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 44 brought | aux:pass |
| 41 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 44 brought | advmod |
| 42 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 41 well | punct |
| 43 | nigh | nigh | ADV | _ | 44 brought | advmod |
| 44 | brought | bring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 33 blow | acl:relcl |
| 45 | to | to | ADP | _ | 47 ground | case |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 ground | det |
| 47 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 brought | obl |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 met | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | meet | participle | two | with great force the spears | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with force=Co-Agent | ||||
| 2 | break | past · passive | the spears not said here | both | pieces | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||
| 3 | is | gerund | Reynaud | quick property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | draw | to-infinitive | Reynaud not said here | Reynaud's sword | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sword=Theme | ||||
| 5 | deal | past | the quicker | the Archbishop | a blow obj; grievous property | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent archbishop=Recipient blow=Theme | |||
| 6 | bring | past · passive | Reynaud | to the ground; a blow obj; nigh, well property | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Destination that=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/7/27/